Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the body's ability to detoxify reactive intermediates. Nitric oxide synthases are a family of enzymes capable of catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO). NO is an important molecule that is involved in regulating a variety of cellular processes such as angiogenesis, peristalsis, and the immune response to invading pathogens. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are a family of antimicrobial molecules derived from NO and superoxide through the enzymatic activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are natural byproducts of the normal metabolism of oxygen and play important roles in cell signaling. However, during oxidative stress-related states, ROS levels can increase dramatically. The accumulation of ROS results in significant damage to cellular structures.
ICT carries products for detecting oxidative or nitrosative stress.